Understanding Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
HFpEF can be difficult to recognize because symptoms overlap with many other conditions. This guide brings together the clinical features, diagnostic approach and treatment principles that matter most.
Published
Updated
D
Dr. Sarah Okafor
MBBS, MRCP
Overview
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is a clinical syndrome in which patients have symptoms and signs of heart failure despite a relatively preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
Key Takeaways
HFpEF should be considered when symptoms of heart failure occur despite preserved ejection fraction. Diagnosis requires clinical assessment together with appropriate structural, functional and biomarker evidence.
Diagnosis
Assessment commonly combines the clinical history, examination, electrocardiography, natriuretic peptides and echocardiographic findings. The wider clinical context remains essential because several conditions can mimic heart failure.
Treatment Principles
Management focuses on treating congestion when present, addressing cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, and using evidence-based therapies appropriate to the individual patient.